Stitching History: Grace Wisher’s Hidden Legacy

Stitching History: Grace Wisher’s Hidden Legacy

Welcome to Women's History Wednesday!

Grace Wisher, an often overlooked figure, played a vital role in creating the Star-Spangled Banner. Born in the early 19th century in Baltimore, Grace’s story intertwines with turbulent times. She was a free African American girl who showcased resilience and the silent contributions of many like her. As a young girl, she dedicated her skills to a significant project. This project became a symbol of American pride and resilience. Despite a lack of recognition during her lifetime, Grace’s legacy deserves celebration. This post explores the lasting impact Grace left on American history.

Early Life of Grace Wisher

At around 13 years old, Grace’s mother bound her daughter into service to help with family expenses. She also hoped it would provide Grace with a better future. Limited economic opportunities for free African American women in Baltimore at the time made an apprenticeship a valuable chance to learn essential skills. Grace mastered housework and plain sewing during her apprenticeship, boosting her personal and professional development.

The Role of Apprenticeship

Grace served as an indentured apprentice to Mary Pickersgill, a flag-maker. Mary was commissioned to create two flags for Fort McHenry in Baltimore during the War of 1812. They crafted a 30 x 42-foot garrison flag and a 17 x 25-foot storm flag for inclement weather. Mary’s daughter Caroline (thirteen) and her nieces Eliza Young (thirteen) and Margaret Young (fifteen) assisted her and Grace with making the flag.

Sewing the Star-Spangled Banner

Grace served as an indentured apprentice to Mary Pickersgill, a flag-maker commissioned to create two flags for Fort McHenry in Baltimore during the War of 1812. They crafted a 30 x 42-foot garrison flag and a 17 x 25-foot storm flag for inclement weather. Mary’s thirteen-year-old daughter Caroline and her nieces Eliza Young (thirteen) and Margaret Young (fifteen) assisted her and Grace with making the flag.

Challenges and Unrecognized Contributions

During her time, people did not recognize Grace Wisher for her work on the Star-Spangled Banner. While Mary Pickersgill and her family received credit, Grace’s contributions went largely unnoticed. Her work remained relatively unknown in historical records. After completing her apprenticeship, Grace likely continued working in domestic service or sewing. These were common occupations for free African American women in Baltimore at the time. However, specific details of her later life and contributions remain undocumented.

Legacy and Modern Recognition

Efforts to acknowledge and honor Grace’s role in creating the iconic flag have only emerged in recent years. Her involvement in making the Star-Spangled Banner connects her to a pivotal moment in American and African American history. To learn about Grace Wisher, click here.

Embracing the Spirit of Kwanzaa: A Celebration of African American Culture

Embracing the Spirit of Kwanzaa: A Celebration of African American Culture

Kwanzaa is a vibrant, week-long celebration that honors African American culture and heritage. Rooted in the principles of unity, self-determination, and collective work, Kwanzaa is an opportunity to reflect on and embrace our cultural identity. Join us in our latest blog post as we explore the origins of Kwanzaa and its significance to Black culture. We also share ideas for festive activities, delicious recipes, and ways to bring family and community together.

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Honoring Our Ancestors: Tracing Family Roots During Kwanzaa

Kwanzaa is a perfect time to celebrate and honor our ancestors. It is important to understand and preserve family history, share stories and traditions passed down through generations, and use genealogy to strengthen familial bonds. Kujichagulia, or self-determination, is the second principle of Kwanzaa and focuses on defining, naming, creating, and speaking for oneself. This principle encourages individuals and communities to take control of their own destiny and narrative, fostering a strong sense of identity and purpose. The principle of Kujichagulia emphasizes how knowing our roots helps us define and embrace our identity.

Kujichagulia and Genealogy

Understanding Heritage

Tracing your family roots allows you to understand the diverse threads that make up your heritage. This knowledge helps individuals appreciate the cultural, historical, and social contexts that have shaped their identity.

Affirming Identity

By learning about your ancestors and their stories, you can find connections and commonalities that affirm your sense of self. This deep understanding empowers you to proudly embrace and celebrate your identity.

Strengthening Family Bonds

Exploring genealogy often involves connecting with family members and sharing stories. These shared experiences strengthen bonds and foster a collective sense of identity and unity within the family.

Preserving Traditions

Knowing your roots helps preserve cultural traditions and practices that might otherwise be lost. This preservation ensures that future generations can also benefit from and contribute to the family’s legacy.

Empowering Future Generations:

Self-determination is about creating a legacy for future generations. By documenting and sharing your family’s history, you provide a foundation that future generations can build upon, empowering them to continue the journey of self-discovery and empowerment.

By embracing Kujichagulia and exploring your genealogy, you not only gain a deeper understanding of who you are but also contribute to the collective strength and resilience of your community. This journey of self-discovery and empowerment is a powerful way to honor your ancestors and ensure their legacy continues to thrive.

Practical Steps for Applying Kujichagulia through Genealogy

Start a Family Tree

Use online tools or genealogy software to begin documenting your family history.

Interview Relatives

Speak with older family members to gather stories, names, and dates that might not be recorded elsewhere.

Preserve Documents

Collect and preserve important family documents, such as birth certificates, marriage licenses, and photographs.

Utilize DNA Testing

Consider using DNA testing services to uncover additional information about your ancestry and connect with distant relatives.

Participate in Cultural Activities

Engage in cultural practices, attend heritage events, and join community groups that celebrate your culture and history.

Karamu

Planning a Karamu (Kwanzaa feast) for Kwanzaa? The perfect menu can be a delightful way to celebrate the holiday’s principles of unity, culture, and community. Here’s a suggested menu that blends traditional African and African American dishes (click the links for the recipes):

This menu offers a variety of flavors and textures that celebrate the rich culinary traditions of African and African American cultures. Enjoy your feast and the joyous spirit of Kwanzaa!

Politics and US

What Does the Trump Presidency Mean for People of Color and Women?

The election of Donald Trump has had a significant impact on people of color and women. Many feel that his policies and rhetoric have often marginalized these groups. For instance, Trump’s administration has been criticized for rolling back protections and rights that disproportionately affect women and people of color. However, it’s also important to note that some individuals within these groups have supported Trump, citing economic policies or other factors they believe benefit them. The overall effect is complex and varies widely among different communities and individuals.

Here are a few examples of how specific policies and societal structures impact people of color and women:

Abortion Bans and Reproductive Rights

The overturning of Roe v. Wade in 2022 has had significant impacts, particularly on women of color. Abortion bans have caused outsized harm to people of color, who are more likely to seek abortions and face structural barriers to care. In 2022, the CDC reported that among women who had abortions, 39% were white, 28% were Black, 25% were Hispanic, and 8% were of other racesThe resulting stress, anxiety, and lower self-esteem from being denied abortions have exacerbated existing inequalities. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF), in 2022, the uninsured rates for different racial and ethnic groups were 6.6% for White women, 10.0% for African American Women, 18.0% for Hispanic women and 19.1% for American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) women. These statistics highlight the disparities in healthcare access among different racial and ethnic groups.

Gendered Racism in the Workplace

Economic Inequality and Social Policies

Women of color face unique challenges in professional environments due to gendered racism. They often navigate both racial and gender barriers, leading to higher stress levels and harsher evaluations compared to their white and male counterparts. This intersectionality of racism and sexism can significantly impact their mental and physical health.

Economic policies such as minimum wage laws and social policies like cash, food, and medical assistance have varied impacts on women across different racial and ethnic groups. Women of color are often overrepresented in low-wage professions and face greater financial insecurity in retirement due to lower lifetime earnings.

STEM Representation and Education

Health Disparities

Women, particularly women of color, are underrepresented in STEM fields. This underrepresentation is due to various factors, including gendered racism and lack of support for women in these areas. Efforts to increase interest in STEM among young girls and college-age women are crucial for addressing this disparity.

Health outcomes for women of color are distinct from those of white women and men of color. Chronic stress from navigating a race-and-gender-conscious society can lead to early health decline and poorer health outcomes. Addressing these disparities requires targeted public health interventions and policies.

Protecting Yourself

People of color and women can take several steps to protect themselves and advocate for their rights:

Stay Informed

  • Educate Yourself: Stay up-to-date on current events, policies, and laws that affect your rights.
  • Know Your Rights: Familiarize yourself with your legal rights in various situations, such as interactions with law enforcement or in the workplace.

Build Community Support

  • Join Advocacy Groups: Engage with organizations that work towards equality and justice for people of color and women.
  • Create Support Networks: Connect with others in your community to share experiences, resources, and support.

Engage in Civic Activities

  • Vote: Participate in local, state, and national elections to help shape policies that impact your community.
  • Advocate: Contact your representatives and participate in advocacy campaigns to voice your concerns and demands

Seek Legal Assistance

  • Legal Resources: Utilize legal aid organizations that provide support and representation for those facing discrimination or other issues.
  • Document Incidents: Keep detailed records of any discriminatory or unjust incidents to support any legal action you may need to take.

Focus on Health and Wellness

  • Mental Health: Prioritize mental health by seeking counseling or therapy if needed, and practicing self-care.
  • Physical Safety: Learn self-defense techniques and be aware of your surroundings.

Economic Empowerment

  • Financial Literacy: Improve your financial literacy and stability through education and resources.
  • Entrepreneurship: Support businesses owned by people of color and women, and consider entrepreneurship as a means of economic independence.

      The intersectionality of race and gender means that these issues are often compounded, requiring comprehensive and intersectional approaches to address them effectively which probably won’t happen with the new administration. Taking these proactive steps can help people of color and women protect themselves and create positive change in their communities.

      Featured Article

      The Kwanzaa Initiative

      I have known about Kwanzaa since the late 1980s. I started participating in Kwanzaa events in college and continued when I could find them to this day. That’s the problem – Kwanzaa is hit or miss. Some years it’s really popular and other years it loses ground. We as African Americans need to be more consistent when it comes to Kwanzaa. We need to do what we can to foster African American events and history in the next four years. With schools trying to eliminate Black History, we as a people need to do more to keep it alive. I propose the Kwanzaa Initiative for 2025 (it might be too late in the season for 2024). Here are some engaging activities and events that should make Kwanzaa a 7-day celebration:

      Party Like a Rock Star!

      Candle-Lighting Ceremony

      Each night of Kwanzaa, have a small dinner party with your neighbors and close friends. Light one of the seven candles on the Kinara representing the seven principles (Nguzo Saba). This can be a beautiful and meaningful way to start the celebration.

      Card Games

      You know we are always down for a game of Spades! Also consider Culture Tags, Black Card, Black History Flash cards, Urban Trivia, Growing Up Black Memes, Culture for Tabu and Lyrically Correct.

      Craft Activities

      Set up stations for making traditional crafts like Mkeka Mats (weave straw mats to symbolize the foundation of the community), Kinara Candle Holders (create candle holders using recycled materials) and Unity Cups (craft cups that represent unity and togetherness) to name a few.

      Music and Dance

      Organize a music and dance session with traditional African music and dance performances. You can also start a Soul Train line or a dance-off during your party! Or a Karaoke Party – need I say more?

      Kwanzaa Feast (Karamu)

      On the sixth day of Kwanzaa, host a festive feast (Karamu) with traditional African dishes. Encourage guests to bring a dish to share and enjoy a communal meal.

      Gift Exchange

      Organize a gift exchange with a focus on handmade or meaningful gifts that reflect the values of Kwanzaa.

      Community Gathering

      A 2-day weekend community event to celebrate Kwanzaa is a fantastic idea! Rent a large event space with a stage and have fun with the following:

      • Storytelling and Readings center – gather around and share stories, poems, or readings that reflect the values of Kwanzaa at specific times. You can invite local African American poets, authors, and historians to read excerpts of their books.
      • Family history – have a genealogist teach people how to research their family history.
      • Games with prizes – plan fun games that promote the principles of Kwanzaa like – Kwanzaa Bingo (create bingo cards with Kwanzaa-related words and symbols), Kwanzaa Pictionary (divide participants into teams and play Pictionary using Kwanzaa-related words and phrases), Cultural Charades (charades with themes related to African culture, historical figures, and Kwanzaa traditions) and Kwanzaa Scavenger Hunt (create a scavenger hunt with items related to Kwanzaa and African culture. Provide clues that lead participants to find these items around the venue) and Black History Trivia (teams can test their knowledge with trivia questions about African history and culture).
      • Craft activities for everyone – set up stations for making traditional crafts like paper chains, corn husk dolls and decorations, African beaded necklaces and bracelets, Adinkra stamps, African headbands, Kwanzaa coloring sheets, Kinara, Unity cups, Mkeka Mats and Family scrapbook (create a family scrapbook or memory book where participants can add photos and stories).
      • Workshop on Kwanzaa – set aside time for reflection and discussion about the principles of Kwanzaa and how they can be applied in daily life. This can be a great way to foster unity and understanding within the family.
      • Family Tree Poster – help participants create a family tree poster using stickers and die cuts to illustrate their family history and connections.
      • Black and Brown Vendors – promote black and brown-owned local businesses and restaurants.

      I don’t know about you but this sounds like a great initiative to me!

      Heri za Kwanzaa (Happy Kwanzaa in Swahili)!

      Tanya Teat Foreman

      Happy Kwanzaa!

      I have heard many complaints about patronizing Black-owned businesses. I can even co-sign to some of the negative commentary based on my own experience. Whatever the case, it is more important now than ever to support and Buy Black. If WE don’t support our own, who will? We need to get over ourselves! We need to build up and support our communities and entrepreneurs – don’t support businesses that don’t support US! Don’t know where the Black-owned businesses in your town are? Ask!

      Let’s be smarter in the next few years and firmly establish a supportive community for our people.

      Love, Peace and Genealogy!

      Julia Amanda Perry: A Symphony of Success

      Julia Amanda Perry: A Symphony of Success

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      Julia Amanda Perry was born on March 25, 1924, in Lexington, Kentucky to Dr. Abraham Murphy Perry and America Lois Heath Perry. Julia was the fourth of five daughters in the family. She enjoyed a musical and supportive early childhood. Her father, Dr. Abraham Murphy Perry, worked as a physician and played the piano as an amateur, while her mother, America Lois Heath Perry, worked as a school teacher.

      Early Life

      Julia grew up in Akron, Ohio, in a family that valued education and the arts. The environment in her household likely fostered her early interest and dedication to music, which paved the way for her later achievements. This nurturing backdrop played a significant role in shaping her future as a composer. From a young age, she engaged with music, studying voice, piano, and violin, and showcasing her musical talents early on.

      Education

      Perry attended Westminster Choir College in Princeton, New Jersey, where she earned her Bachelor of Music degree in 1947. She continued her studies at the Juilliard School of Music and the Berkshire Music Center in Tanglewood, Massachusetts.

      Early Career and Achievements

      Perry’s early compositions were heavily influenced by African-American music. In 1951, she composed “Free at Last” and “I’m a Poor Li’l Orphan,” which showcased her incorporation of black spiritual music. She won her first Guggenheim Fellowship in 1954 and studied under Nadia Boulanger in Paris, where she received the Boulanger Grand Prix for her Viola Sonata.

      European Studies and Recognition

      From 1955 to 1957, Perry received two Guggenheim Fellowships to study in Florence, Italy, with composer Luigi Dallapiccola. Her compositions gained international recognition, and she became the first African American woman to have her orchestral work performed by the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, the Vienna Philharmonic, and the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra in London.

      Later Career and Contributions

      Perry returned to the United States and continued her work in composition. In 1964, her three-act opera-ballet “The Selfish Giant” won an American Academy of Arts and Letters Prize in music. She took up teaching at Florida Agricultural and Mechanical College (Florida A&M) in Tallahassee in 1967 and was also a visiting artist at Atlanta College. Julia Amanda Perry never married – she dedicated her life to her music and teaching career.

      Final Years and Legacy

      Perry suffered a stroke around 1970, which severely impacted her career. Despite her health challenges, she continued composing until her death on April 24, 1979. Her work includes symphonies, operas, and chamber music, and she remains a significant figure in American classical music. For more information about Julia Amanda Perry, click here.

      Lyda Conley: A Trailblazer in Legal History

      Lyda Conley: A Trailblazer in Legal History

      Lyda Conley was a pioneering Wyandot Native American lawyer and the first woman admitted to the Kansas Bar Association. Renowned for her passionate advocacy, she famously defended the Huron Cemetery from development, becoming the first Native American woman to argue before the U.S. Supreme Court. Her legacy highlights her dedication to justice and Native American rights.

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      Early Life

      Lyda Conley, born Eliza Burton Conley around 1869, was the youngest of four daughters in a multiracial Wyandot Native American family. Her mother, Elizabeth Burton Zane, was a Wyandot woman, and her father, Andrew Syrenus Conley, was of Scots-Irish and English descent. The Conley family moved from Ohio to Kansas as part of a large Wyandot migration due to increasing white encroachment on their ancestral lands. After completing her primary and secondary education in Wyandotte County, Kansas, Lyda pursued higher education focusing on law. Growing up on a farm in Wyandotte County, Kansas, she developed a strong sense of justice and a deep connection to her heritage. This would later drive her to become a pioneering lawyer and advocate for Native American rights. She attended the Kansas City School of Law (now part of the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law), where she was one of the few women in her class.

      Legal Career

      After graduating and being admitted to the Missouri Bar in 1902, Lyda became aware of the issue with the Huron Cemetery. She learned that the land which held the graves of her ancestors was at risk of being sold and developed. As a direct descendant of the Wyandot Chief Tarhe, she felt a deep responsibility to protect the cemetery and preserve her family’s heritage. This realization drove her to take legal action and fight for the preservation of the sacred burial ground. Immediately, she began her campaign to prevent the sale and development of the Huron Cemetery. When Congress approved legislation to sell the cemetery land in 1906, Conley filed a permanent injunction against the U.S. Secretary of the Interior and Indian Commissioners.

      Activism

      Conley and her sister Helena built a shack, known as “Fort Conley,” at the cemetery entrance. They guarded the site day and night, armed with a shotgun, to protect their ancestors’ graves. She argued her case passionately, stating that no lawyer could plead for her mother’s grave as she could. Her fight to preserve the Huron Cemetery in Kansas City culminated in her historic appearance before the U.S. Supreme Court in 1909. Lyda’s tireless efforts eventually led to the cemetery’s preservation as a federal park. This ensured that the final resting place of her ancestors remained protected. In 1910, Conley became the first Native American woman to argue a case before the Supreme Court. Although she did not win the case, her efforts led to the eventual preservation of the cemetery. In 1916, Congress passed legislation to protect the Huron Cemetery, which later became a National Historic Landmark

      Lyda's Impact

      Lyda’s  actions had a profound impact on Native American rights and representation:

      Legal Precedent

      By becoming the first Native American woman to argue a case before the U.S. Supreme Court, Conley set a significant legal precedent. Her case, although unsuccessful, highlighted the legal rights of Native Americans and brought national attention to their struggles.

      Preservation of Sacred Sites

      Conley’s relentless efforts to protect the Huron Cemetery led to its eventual preservation. This success underscored the importance of preserving Native American burial grounds and cultural heritage.

      Inspiration for Future Activists

      Conley’s dedication and bravery inspired future generations of Native American activists and lawyers. Her actions demonstrated that Native Americans could effectively use the legal system to fight for their rights and protect their heritage.

      Increased Awareness

      Conley’s case brought increased awareness to the issues facing Native American communities, particularly regarding land rights and the preservation of sacred sites. This awareness helped to foster greater respect and understanding of Native American cultures and their legal rights.

      Legacy

      Lyda Conley’s legal education provided her with the skills and knowledge to become a formidable advocate for Native American rights. Her dedication to justice and her passion for protecting her heritage were evident throughout her career. She continued to practice law and advocate for Native American rights until her death on May 28, 1946, in Kansas City, Kansas. Lyda passed away at her home, where she had lived with her sisters. She was buried in the Huron Indian Cemetery, the very site she fought to protect. To learn more about Lyda Conley, click here.

      From Osage Reservation to Ballet Stardom: The Legacy of Maria Tallchief

      From Osage Reservation to Ballet Stardom: The Legacy of Maria Tallchief

      Maria Tallchief, born Elizabeth Marie Tall Chief to  Alexander Joseph Tall Chief, a full-blooded member of the Osage Nation and  Ruth Porter, of Scottish-Irish descent on January 24, 1925, in Fairfax, Oklahoma. Maria and her younger sister, Marjorie grew up on the Osage reservation and began dancing at an early age. Their mother, recognizing their potential, moved the family to Los Angeles to provide better opportunities for her daughters.

      Early Life

      Maria Tallchief’s involvement in ballet started at a very young age. At only a few years old, Maria and her family moved from the Osage reservation in Oklahoma to Los Angeles, California, where they could access better dance training. In Los Angeles, Maria studied ballet under several prominent teachers, including Bronislava Nijinska and David Lichine. Her rigorous training and dedication paid off as she quickly advanced with her skills. By the age of 17, she joined the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, a prestigious touring company. Her talent and hard work catapulted her to fame, leading to her significant contributions to the world of ballet.

      Rise to Fame

      The Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, a renowned touring company based in New York City showcased her exceptional talent. Her dedication quickly garnered attention and she became a featured soloist. Her performances in George Balanchine’s choreographed works elevated her status in the ballet world. In 1946, Maria married Balanchine, and their artistic partnership transformed American ballet, blending classical techniques with innovative choreography.

      New York City Ballet

      In 1946, Balanchine, along with Lincoln Kirstein, co-founded the NYCB.  In 1948, recognizing Maria’s extraordinary abilities, Balanchine invited her to join the newly established company as its prima ballerina. Maria created and performed many iconic roles under Balanchine’s choreography. Her tenure at the NYCB not only helped elevate the company’s reputation but also played a significant role in popularizing ballet in the United States. As , She held the position of prima ballerina of the NYCB from 1948 to 1965. Her performance as the Firebird in Balanchine’s adaptation of the Stravinsky ballet remains legendary. She also captivated audiences with her portrayal of the Sugar Plum Fairy in “The Nutcracker,” a role she helped popularize as a Christmas tradition in America. Her collaborations with Balanchine defined an era and brought international acclaim to the NYCB. 

      Personal Life and Values

      Despite her professional success, Maria faced personal challenges, including the end of her marriage to Balanchine. She remarried twice, first to aviator Elmourza Natirboff and later to Chicago businessman Henry “Buzz” Paschen, with whom she had a daughter, Elise. Maria valued education and the arts, and she dedicated much of her post-performance life to nurturing young dancers and promoting arts education.

      Legacy and Honors

      After retiring from performing in 1966, Maria continued to influence the dance world as a choreographer and teacher. She co-founded the Chicago City Ballet in 1980 and served as its artistic director. Maria’s contributions to ballet earned her numerous accolades, including the Kennedy Center Honors in 1996 and the National Medal of Arts in 1999. She received induction into the National Women’s Hall of Fame and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 

      Cultural Impact

      Maria Tallchief remained deeply connected to her Osage heritage throughout her life. She refused to change her last name, proudly representing her Native American identity on the world stage. Maria often spoke about the importance of honoring one’s heritage and used her platform to raise awareness about Native American culture. Her story has been celebrated through various mediums, including a Barbie doll in Mattel’s Inspiring Women series and numerous books and documentaries.

      Maria Tallchief passed away on April 11, 2013, at the age of 88, leaving an indelible mark on the history of ballet. To learn more about her, click here.